Sarah Lawrence College

Sarah Lawrence College
Motto Wisdom with understanding
Established 1926
Type Private
Endowment $59 million[1]
President Karen R. Lawrence
Undergraduates 1,235 on campus
Location Yonkers, New York, USA
Campus Suburban, 41+ acres
Address 1 Mead Way
Bronxville, NY 10708
Colors Green and White
Mascot Gryphon
Website slc.edu

Sarah Lawrence College is a private liberal arts college in the United States, and a leader in progressive education since its founding in 1926. Located just 30 minutes north of Midtown Manhattan in southern Westchester County, New York, in the city of Yonkers[2][3], this coeducational college offers both undergraduate and graduate degrees. Sarah Lawrence is known for its rigorous academic standards, low student-to-faculty ratio, and highly individualized course of study. SLC models its approach to education after the Oxford/Cambridge system of one-on-one student-faculty tutorials, which are a key component in all areas of study. Each student is closely guided by a faculty adviser, called a "don," beginning the first year, and Sarah Lawrence places high value on independent, interdisciplinary study. The College also stresses the importance of combining creative and analytical thinking. More than 90% of classes are small, round-table seminars, and students confer with each of their professors in one-on-one meetings every other week on their individual course-related "conference" projects. In-depth writing and development of strong communication skills are emphasized and integrated across an open curriculum, and professors provide detailed written evaluations to every student in every class. Students have direct contact with professors; the College does not employ graduate teaching assistants. About half of SLC juniors study abroad with the college’s immersion-focused programs, including one of the only US programs in Cuba. Many Sarah Lawrence students take advantage of the College’s proximity to New York City for internships as well as research and cultural resources. Best known Sarah Lawrence alumni include J.J. Abrams, television and film producer/director; Alice Walker, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of The Color Purple; Rahm Emanuel, mayor of Chicago and former White House chief of staff; W. Ian Lipkin, epidemiologist and discoverer of the West Nile virus; and Vera Wang, fashion designer and entrepreneur.[4]

Contents

History

Sarah Lawrence College was established by real-estate mogul William Van Duzer Lawrence on the grounds of his estate in Westchester County and was named in honor of his wife, Sarah. The College was originally intended to provide instruction in the arts and humanities for women. A major component of the College's early curriculum was "productive leisure," wherein students were required to work for eight hours weekly in such fields as modeling, shorthand, typewriting, applying makeup, and gardening.[5] Its pedagogy, modeled on the tutorial system of Oxford University, combined independent research projects, individually supervised by the teaching faculty, and seminars with low student-to-faculty ratio—a credo it retains to the present, despite its cost. Sarah Lawrence was the first liberal arts college in the United States to incorporate a rigorous approach to the arts with the principles of progressive education, focusing on the primacy of teaching and the concentration of curricular efforts on individual needs.[5]

In addition to founding Sarah Lawrence College, William Lawrence played a critical role in the development of the neighboring community of Bronxville, New York. His name can be found on the affluent Lawrence Park and Lawrence Park West neighborhoods, the Houlihan Lawrence Real Estate Corporation, and on Lawrence Hospital in downtown Bronxville, an institution that was created when Lawrence’s son, Dudley, nearly died en route to a hospital in neighboring New York City. Lawrence embodied ideas from the Progressivist movement of the 1890s, especially his view that the arts were a crucial element in the social evolution of individuals and families, in developing both private and public sensibilities, and in creating equal relations between men and women.

Harold Taylor, President of Sarah Lawrence College from 1945 to 1959, greatly influenced the college. Taylor, elected president at age 30, maintained a friendship with educational philosopher John Dewey, and worked to employ the Dewey method at Sarah Lawrence. Taylor spent much of his career calling for educational reform in the United States, using the success of his own College as an example of the possibilities of a personalized, modern, and rigorous approach to higher education.

Sarah Lawrence became a coeducational institution in 1968. Prior to this transition, there were discussions about relocating the school and merging with Princeton University, but the administration opted to remain independent.

Political involvement and activism

Political activism has played a crucial role in forming the spirit of the Sarah Lawrence community since the early years of the College. As early as 1938, students were volunteering in working-class sections of Yonkers, New York to help bring equality and educational opportunities to poor and minority citizens, and the Sarah Lawrence College War Board, organized by students in the fall of 1942, sought to aid troops fighting in World War II. During a time when the College's enrollment consisted of only 293 students, 204 signed up as volunteers during the first week of the War Board.[6] During the so-called McCarthy Years, a number of Sarah Lawrence's faculty members were accused by the American Legion of being sympathetic to the Communist Party, and were called before the Jenner Committee.[7] Since that time, activism has played a central role in student life, with movements for civil rights and against the Vietnam War in the 1960s and for student and faculty diversity in the 1980s. Also in the 1960s, students established an Upward Bound program for students from lower-income and poverty areas to prepare for college.[8] Theatre Outreach, the Child Development Institute, the Empowering Teachers Program, the Community Writers program, the Office of Community Partnership, and the Fulbright High School Writers Program are among the many programs founded since the 1970s to provide services to the larger community. In the late 1980s, students occupied Westlands, the main administrative building for the campus, in a sit-in for wider diversity. Students have remained active in recent years, with numerous organizations and movements sprouting in response to the Iraq War. For many years, the College has been considered as being at the vanguard of the sexual rights movement.

Academics

At the undergraduate level, Sarah Lawrence offers a Bachelor of Arts degree in liberal arts where, instead of traditional majors, students pursue a wide variety of courses in four different curricular distributions: the Creative Arts (writing, music, dance, theatre, film, and the plastic arts, such as painting, printmaking, drawing and sculpture); history and the social sciences (e.g., anthropology, economics, political science, and sociology); the humanities (e.g., Asian studies, art history, film studies, languages, literature, philosophy, and religion); and natural science and mathematics (biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, and mathematics). Classes are structured around a seminar-conference system through which students learn in small, highly interactive classes and in private tutorials with professors. Each student is assigned to a faculty advisor, known as a "don", to plan a course of study and provide ongoing academic guidance. Most courses, apart from those in the performing arts, consist of two parts: the seminar, limited to 15 students, and the conference, a private, biweekly meeting with a seminar professor. In these conferences, students develop individual projects that extend the course material and link it to their personal interests. Sarah Lawrence has no required courses and traditional examinations have largely been replaced with writing final research papers and essays. Additionally, grades are recorded only for transcript purposes—academic evaluations are given in lieu of grades.[9] The College sponsors international programs in Florence, at Wadham College, Oxford, at Reid Hall in Paris, and at the British American Drama Academy in London. Sarah Lawrence is one of the only American colleges operating an international program in Cuba.

Sarah Lawrence also offers Master's-level programs in Writing, the Art of Teaching, Child Development, Theatre, and Dance, and is home to the nation's oldest graduate program in Women's History and the nation's first master's degree programs in Human Genetics and Health Advocacy.

Sarah Lawrence offers a program for adults wishing to seek a B.A. or a Master's and have been out of school for any period of time. The Center for Continuing Education is located at 45 Wrexham.

Exchange programs

International programs

The College has a number of international programs in four countries. Sarah Lawrence makes all practical efforts to preserve its most characteristic elements, such as one-on-one interaction with professors, small classes, and an emphasis on qualitative comprehension, in its programs overseas.

Graduate programs

Sarah Lawrence offers eight graduate programs, each of which confers the Master of Arts or Master of Science degree upon its graduates. In contrast to highly specialized, research-oriented doctoral study, these programs reflect the emphasis on interdisciplinary studies and the close student-teacher relationship that have come to be characteristic of the College's undergraduate program. Intensive work with faculty members, small seminars, and one-on-one conferences form the foundation of the curricular model. According to their own literature, the programs make an effort to balance the "theoretical (usually discussed in seminars and conferences) with the practical (in the form of fieldwork, practicums, research or creative work). This experiential work is most often conducted not in isolation, but in the midst of a community. Interdisciplinary work and ideas are encouraged, as is an ethic of social responsibility." There are approximately 340 graduate students currently enrolled in the following programs:

Art of Teaching

The Sarah Lawrence College Art of Teaching Program offers training in education in both degree-track and continuing education formats. One component of the program is the Empowering Teachers Program, which was established in 1989 as a forum for the support of teachers and educational administrators, and has since expanded into a resource and network for more than 250 beginning and experienced professionals from 25 school districts in Westchester County and adjacent areas of New York, Connecticut and New Jersey.

SAT and academic ranking

In 2007, some educators in the United States began to question the impact of rankings on the college admissions process, due in part to the 11 March 2007 The Washington Post article "The Cost of Bucking College Rankings" by Dr. Michele Tolela Myers, the former president of Sarah Lawrence College. As Sarah Lawrence College dropped its SAT test score submission requirement for its undergraduate applicants in 2003,[10] thus joining the SAT optional movement for undergraduate admission, SLC does not have SAT data to send to U.S. News for its national survey. Of this decision, Myers states, "We are a writing-intensive school, and the information produced by SAT scores added little to our ability to predict how a student would do at our college; it did, however, do much to bias admission in favor of those who could afford expensive coaching sessions."[11] At present, Sarah Lawrence is the only American college that completely disregards SAT scores in its admission process.[12] As a result of this policy, in the same The Washington Post article, Dr. Myers stated that she was informed by the U.S. News & World Report that if no SAT scores were submitted, U.S. News would "make up a number" to use in its magazines. She further argues that if SLC were to decide to stop sending all data to U.S. News & World Report, their ranking would be artificially decreased.[11][13] U.S. News & World Report issued a response to this article on 12 March 2007 which stated that the evaluation of Sarah Lawrence is currently under review.[12] The 2008 issue of the U.S. News & World Report rankings put Sarah Lawrence among the "unranked" institutions, colleges and universities that for a variety of reasons do not adhere to the magazine's guidelines.

On Tuesday, June 19, 2007, following a meeting of the Annapolis Group, which represents over 100 liberal arts colleges, Sarah Lawrence announced that it would join others who had previously signed the letter to college presidents asking them not to participate in the "reputation survey" section of the U.S. News and World Report survey (this section comprises 25% of the ranking). Myers commented on this in a 20 June 2007 article for The New York Times by stating, "they will do what they will do, […] we will do what we will do. And we want to do it in a principled way."[14] Myers also indicated in a press release for Sarah Lawrence that the college will be involved in developing the new database of colleges discussed in the Annapolis Group statement as they "believe in accountability and openness, and that the public has a right to solid and reliable information about the important decisions involved in choosing a college." The press release also indicated that Sarah Lawrence "plans not to participate in the peer reputational survey or data collection for U.S. News and World Report’s rankings" as, according to Myers, "by submitting data and the peer reputation survey we have tacitly been endorsing these rankings […] all the information we have provided to U.S. News in the past will be available to the public through other channels."[15]

In 2009, Forbes rated it 65th of America's Best Colleges.[16]

Tuition and finances

According to The Chronicle of Higher Education, Sarah Lawrence College has been the most expensive college in the country for the previous two academic years (2008–2009; 2009–2010).[17]

The total cost of tuition, fees, room, and board for a student entering in the fall of 2009 was $55,788.

Campus

The site of 41-acre (17 ha) Sarah Lawrence campus is located atop a promontory above the banks of the Bronx River. Much of the campus was originally a part of the estate of the College's founder, William Van Duzer Lawrence, though the College has more than doubled its geographical size since Lawrence bequeathed his estate to the College in 1926. The terrain of the campus is characterized by dramatic outcroppings of exposed bedrock shaded by large oak and elm trees. Much of the older architecture on the campus follows the Tudor style that was popular in the area during the early 20th century, and many of the College's newer buildings attempt to achieve an updated interpretation of the same architectural style. The campus is divided into two distinctive sections: the "Old Campus" and the "New Campus," wherein the former is roughly contained within the boundaries of the erstwhile Lawrence estate, and the latter is that which was obtained some time after the College's earliest years.

The area outside the original Lawrence estate is home to the College's more cutting-edge facilities. A number of stately, century-old Tudor-style mansions will be found among these newer additions, including Andrews, Tweed, Lynd, Marshall Field, and Slonim House. Each was once a private estate, purchased by the college during periods of growth and expansion. The more modest Tudor houses along Mead Way, which were also once private residences, now serve as dorms for Sarah Lawrence students. "Slonim Woods" is a group of newer, townhouse-style dorms, built on the grounds of Slonim House.

The Campbell Sports Center was constructed in 1998 in response to an increased focus on physical fitness and sports. This state-of-the-art facility includes an indoor pool, gymnasium, track, raquetball courts, and weightrooms.

In 2004, the College completed construction of a state-of-the-art visual arts facility, the Monika A. and Charles A. Heimbold Visual Arts Center, the sleek architecture and environmentally friendly aspects of which earned the College national press attention. Just down the road is Hill House, a seven-story apartment building purchased by the College in the late 1990s that now houses student residences. Across the street from Hill House is the large Wrexham house, also in the Tudor style, that was purchased by Sarah Lawrence in 2004 from the government of Rwanda. This building, which once housed the Rwandan consul, has been renovated and is used by the College for various graduate studies programs. On the opposite end of the campus stands the Science and Mathematics Center, completed in 1994.

Buildings

Campus Buildings:













Academic facilities

Administration buildings

Housing

"Old Dorms"

The "Old Dorms" refer to four original purpose-built student housing structures to the immediate north of Westlands in what is frequently referred to as the "central campus". Dudley Lawrence, one of the sons of William and Sarah Lawrence, achieved the remarkable feat of constructing three of these buildings in one year (1927–1928). The halls were designed by William Augustus Bates, who repeated the Neo-Tudor style of Westlands through the use of stone and timber materials, and mansard roofs. The interiors are also in keeping with the English Tudor architectural style found on most of the older buildings in the area, with thick plaster walls, hardwood floors, and leaded windows (since replaced with more energy-efficient double-pane windows). McCracken, built a few years later than the other three, is situated to the south of Dudley Lawrence. The original elegant living rooms that were found in each building, excepting McCracken, are now used as classrooms.[32]

"New Dorms"

Designed by the renowned architect Phillip Johnson in the sparse modernist style of the time, the "New Dorms" were completed in 1960. The architectural style of the buildings is meant to be a modernist reflection of the three older dorms (Gilbert, Titsworth, and Dudley Lawrence) that stand on the opposite side of the North Lawn. The three buildings that comprise the New Dorms are connected by two glass atria in which the buildings' primary stairwells are found. With the exception of the large apartments in Rothschild, these dorms typically house first-year students.

The Mead Way Houses

The Mead Way Houses are the eight former private homes that stand along the steep hill of Mead Way on the College's eastern end. The two southernmost houses, Robinson and Swinford, are occupied by administrative offices and the office of the campus internet radio station, and the northernmost six houses, listed below, are reserved for student living spaces. The northern houses include:

Presidents

The first president was Marion Coats from 1924 to 1929. She was a friend of Vassar College President Henry McCracken and of Sarah Lawrence founder William Van Duzer Lawrence. Coats had traditional views of women's role in society that were at odds with her progressive approach to women's education.

The current president is Karen R. Lawrence, who was installed in 2007. She is a noted scholar of James Joyce, holding a B.A. from Yale University, a Master of Arts in English Literature from Tufts University, and a Ph.D. in literature from Columbia University. [1] Before her tenure at Sarah Lawrence, Dr. Lawrence served as the dean of the School of Humanities at the University of California, Irvine from 1998 to 2007, and as a member and subsequent chair of the English faculty at the University of Utah from 1978 to 1997.

Notable people

In popular culture

Athletics

The College sponsors intercollegiate teams in crew (aka rowing), equestrian, men's basketball, men and women’s tennis, women’s volleyball, women’s softball, and women's swimming. In a surprising development, the College announced in March 2011 that it would seek membership as a Division III member of the NCAA.[35] The earliest the College could compete as a full member of Division III would be the 2016–17 academic year as a four-year 'provisional' period is required.

The College's official mascot is the Gryphon. It was chosen in the 1990s to represent the College's athletics teams after a long period of fielding sports teams without an official mascot. Unofficially the student body had long adopted the large resident population of 'Black Squirrels' as a de facto mascot to the college. The position of silent mascot that the 'Black Squirrel' occupied was financially endorsed by the college itself with the production of various Black Squirrel merchandise (including Sarah Lawrence clothing branded with the Black Squirrel image) and plush toys. It is only recently (post 2003) that efforts on the behalf of the college to establish the Gryphon as the icon of Sarah Lawrence have begun to take root.

Sarah Lawrence recently re-established the men's soccer team that plays in the Hudson Valley Men's Athletic Conference.

Notes

  1. ^ http://www.slc.edu/giving/report/Financial_Report.html
  2. ^ Sarah Lawrence College Position Specification, page 7 ("Location: Campus and Facilities"). Retrieved January 3, 2007.
  3. ^ The Village of Bronxville website. ("Although nearby Sarah Lawrence College, founded in 1926 by William Lawrence to honor his wife, has a Bronxville postal address, it is actually located in Yonkers.") Retrieved December 27, 2006.
  4. ^ http://www.slc.edu
  5. ^ a b Kaplan, Barbara (26 February 2006). Becoming Sarah Lawrence. Sarah Lawrence College. http://www.slc.edu/index.php?pageID=1400. 
  6. ^ Horowitz, Helen Lefkowitz (1993). Alma Mater: Design and Experience in the Women's Colleges from Their Nineteenth-Century Beginnings to the 1930s. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. 
  7. ^ Fried, Richard M. (1990). Nightmare in Red: The McCarthy Era in Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 
  8. ^ United States. United States Congress. Joint Committee. A Directory of Urban Research Study Centers. Washington: United States Congress, 1977.
  9. ^ "At a Glance: About SLC". Sarah Lawrence College. http://www.slc.edu/about/At_a_Glance.php. Retrieved 2008-01-29. 
  10. ^ Gross, Jane (13 November 2003). "Sarah Lawrence College Drops SAT Requirement, Saying a New Writing Test Misses the Point". The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00614F93C5C0C708DDDA80994DB404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fOrganizations%2fS%2fSarah%20Lawrence%20College%3C/ref%3E%20thus%20joining%20the%20. Retrieved 23 May 2010. 
  11. ^ a b Tolela Myers, Michele (11 March 2007). "The Cost of Bucking College Rankings". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/09/AR2007030901836.html. 
  12. ^ a b "U.S. News Statement on College Rankings". U.S. News and World Report. 12 March 2007. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/blogs/news_blog/070312/us_news_statement_on_college_r.htm. 
  13. ^ Jaschik, Scott (12 March 2007). "Would U.S. News Make Up Fake Data?". Inside Higher Ed. http://insidehighered.com/news/2007/03/12/usnews. 
  14. ^ Finder, Alan (20 June 2007). "Some Colleges to Drop Out of U.S. News Rankings". New York Times. http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-070620collegerank,0,1372864.story. 
  15. ^ "Sarah Lawrence College Endorses Annapolis Group Actions". Sarah Lawrence College. http://www.slc.edu/index.php?pageID=4282&detail=log&id=862&returnURL=%2Findex.php%3FpageID%3D4282. 
  16. ^ "America's Best Colleges". Forbes.com. 5 August 2009. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/94/colleges-09_Americas-Best-Colleges_Rank_2.html. 
  17. ^ The 10 Most Expensive Colleges
  18. ^ SLC Campus - Bates
  19. ^ a b Title=American Architecture - Westchester County, New York Colonial to Contemporary; Author=Frank Sanchis; Publisher=North River Press 1977; Page=426
  20. ^ SLC.edu - Library
  21. ^ SLC Campus - Science Center
  22. ^ SLC Campus - Marshall Field Building
  23. ^ SLC Campus - Visual Arts Center
  24. ^ Heimbold Center - Historic Campus Architecture Project
  25. ^ SLC Campus - Sports Center
  26. ^ Title=American Architecture - Westchester County, New York Colonial to Contemporary; Author=Frank Sanchis; Publisher=North River Press 1977; Page=358
  27. ^ SLC Campus - Performing Arts Center
  28. ^ SLC Campus - Siegel Center
  29. ^ Presidents House - Historic Campus Architecture Project
  30. ^ A Yonkers Locale, a Bronxville Pedigree, The New York Times
  31. ^ Westlands House - Historic Campus Architecture Project
  32. ^ Central Campus - "old dorms" - Historic Campus Architecture Project
  33. ^ Allmusic Yoko Ono Biography
  34. ^ http://blog.zap2it.com/ithappenedlastnight/2009/03/gossip-girl-the-vanderbilts-less-gatsby-more-fight-club.html
  35. ^ SLC Registers as NCAA Exploratory Member

External links